INSULIN RESISTANCE HAS STRONG ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY MECHANISM

Increased FFAs can cause oxidative stress and activation of JNK pathway. JNK pathway is believed to be strongly associated with obesity involved in impairment of insulin signalling. Thus, it leads to insulin resistance in cells and tissue that are dependent on insulin. Activation of JNK pathway leads to increasing phosphorylation of serine residue IRS-1 which no longer functions towards to PI3K protein. The inhibition of PI3K, reduce the expression of Akt protein which inactivate GLUT4 to take up glucose into the cells. This causes the elevation of glucose in the bloodstream and hyperinsulinemia outside the cell membrane (Adapted from Shoelson et al., 2006 and Go, Uysal, & Maeda, 2002).

References:

1-Go, C. Z., Uysal, K. T., & Maeda, K. (2002). A central role for JNK in obesity and insulin resistance, 2, 10–13.

2-Shoelson, S. E., Lee, J., & Goldfine, A. B. (2006). Review series Inflammation and insulin resistance. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 116(7), 1793–1801. http://doi.org/10.1172/JCI29069.and

MEDLAB CONFERENCE

The conference was held in 2016 at Marina Bay, Singapore. It was great opportunity to meet a lot of people who are doing in the same field like me. 

Ceramides are the metabolite that modulating diabetes event in the blood. Previous study found that it can give effects to the insulin signalling by inducing free fatty acids towards the cells.

Start Asking A Lot Of Questions

Kruskal-Wallis H Test in SPSS

In Mann-Whitney (even it is comparing in two groups only), you can do manually in comparing >2 groups. Here is the example of data:

0 represent control group

1 represent existential group

2 represent pyschodynamic group



To test among the group,after the Kruskal Wallis significant p<0.05, you can entry the data in the 'group':



group:  0-1

            0-2

            1-2

How to Use SPSS-Kruskal-Wallis H Test

After I done analyzing three groups in Kruskal Wallis (One way ANOVA in non-parametric-more than two groups), if there is statistical significant difference, you have to use next test. Either Mann-Whitney or Post-hoc test. To evaluate the outcomes within the groups. Likewise, group A, B and C was statistically significant different (P<0.05). The different effect when comparing A-B, B-C and A-C? We dont know. Yet, Mann-Whitney or Post-hoc test are the next.

SPSS Grouped frequency table